The water and energy-saving characteristics of evaporative condensers stem from their unique and ingenious working mechanism. They cleverly utilize the principle of latent heat absorption during water evaporation for heat transfer, adopting a composite heat exchange mode of "evaporative cooling + air convection." During actual operation, the end-effect secondary steam generated by the evaporator station enters the condenser and comes into full contact with the spray water. In this process, part of the steam rapidly releases latent heat due to indirect contact with the low-temperature spray water, thus being initially condensed into liquid water; while the spray water, after absorbing the steam's heat, partially vaporizes. The non-vaporized water flows into the lower water tank, is pumped out again by the spray pump, and enters the spray pipe through the circulation pipe for recycling. This series of processes greatly improves water utilization, with the circulating water volume significantly reduced compared to traditional atmospheric condensers. Taking the second-phase project of Chinalco Guangxi Huasheng Alumina as an example, the circulating water volume is saved by approximately 43%. This data fully demonstrates the outstanding water-saving performance of evaporative condensers. For enterprises, this not only means significant savings in water resource procurement costs but also reduces the burden of wastewater treatment and the impact on surrounding water resources and the environment, carrying important environmental protection significance.
In terms of energy efficiency, evaporative condensers also deliver exceptional performance. Their high-efficiency heat exchange mechanism enables rapid condensation of steam in a short time, significantly reducing energy consumption. Compared with traditional solutions, power consumption is drastically lowered, saving enterprises substantial electricity costs annually.
The equipment’s design and layout also fully incorporate energy-saving considerations. For example, installing 20 evaporative condensers on the top platform of the evaporator’s simple steel structure in a modular array utilizes the platform’s height to enhance natural ventilation. This improves air circulation, accelerates the evaporation and heat dissipation of the condenser’s spray water, further boosting cooling efficiency and reducing energy use. Additionally, the gravity drainage design allows condensed water to flow into lower collection systems by its own weight, eliminating the need for additional power equipment and reducing power consumption.
The application of evaporative condensers allows alumina enterprises to reduce production costs while actively practicing the concept of green development. It sets a good example for the industry’s sustainable development and drives the alumina sector toward a more green, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient future.